关于.net：在C#中浏览目录

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如何向用户显示允许他/她选择目录的控件？

似乎没有任何本机.net控件可以执行此操作？

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string folderPath ="";
FolderBrowserDialog folderBrowserDialog1 = new FolderBrowserDialog();
if (folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) {
folderPath = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath ;
}

FolderBrowserDialog类是最佳选择。

_{注意：不能保证此代码在.Net框架的将来版本中将起作用。总体上来说，使用私有的.Net框架内部结构(通过反射)可能并不理想。使用底部提到的互操作解决方案，因为Windows API更改的可能性较小。}

如果您要查找的文件夹选择器看起来更像Windows 7对话框，并且能够从底部的文本框和左侧的导航窗格(具有收藏夹和常用位置)进行复制和粘贴，则可以以非常轻巧的方式访问它。

FolderBrowserDialog用户界面非常小：

enter

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace MyCoolCompany.Shuriken {
/// <summary>
/// Present the Windows Vista-style open file dialog to select a folder. Fall back for older Windows Versions
/// </summary>
public class FolderSelectDialog {
private string _initialDirectory;
private string _title;
private string _fileName ="";

public string InitialDirectory {
get { return string.IsNullOrEmpty(_initialDirectory) ? Environment.CurrentDirectory : _initialDirectory; }
set { _initialDirectory = value; }
}
public string Title {
get { return _title ??"Select a folder"; }
set { _title = value; }
}
public string FileName { get { return _fileName; } }

public bool Show() { return Show(IntPtr.Zero); }

/// <param name="hWndOwner">Handle of the control or window to be the parent of the file dialog</param>
/// <returns>true if the user clicks OK</returns>
public bool Show(IntPtr hWndOwner) {
var result = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6
? VistaDialog.Show(hWndOwner, InitialDirectory, Title)
: ShowXpDialog(hWndOwner, InitialDirectory, Title);
_fileName = result.FileName;
return result.Result;
}

private struct ShowDialogResult {
public bool Result { get; set; }
public string FileName { get; set; }
}

private static ShowDialogResult ShowXpDialog(IntPtr ownerHandle, string initialDirectory, string title) {
var folderBrowserDialog = new FolderBrowserDialog {
Description = title,
SelectedPath = initialDirectory,
ShowNewFolderButton = false
};
var dialogResult = new ShowDialogResult();
if (folderBrowserDialog.ShowDialog(new WindowWrapper(ownerHandle)) == DialogResult.OK) {
dialogResult.Result = true;
dialogResult.FileName = folderBrowserDialog.SelectedPath;
}
return dialogResult;
}

private static class VistaDialog {
private const string c_foldersFilter ="Folders|\
";

private const BindingFlags c_flags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
private readonly static Assembly s_windowsFormsAssembly = typeof(FileDialog).Assembly;
private readonly static Type s_iFileDialogType = s_windowsFormsAssembly.GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialogNative+IFileDialog");
private readonly static MethodInfo s_createVistaDialogMethodInfo = typeof(OpenFileDialog).GetMethod("CreateVistaDialog", c_flags);
private readonly static MethodInfo s_onBeforeVistaDialogMethodInfo = typeof(OpenFileDialog).GetMethod("OnBeforeVistaDialog", c_flags);
private readonly static MethodInfo s_getOptionsMethodInfo = typeof(FileDialog).GetMethod("GetOptions", c_flags);
private readonly static MethodInfo s_setOptionsMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("SetOptions", c_flags);
private readonly static uint s_fosPickFoldersBitFlag = (uint) s_windowsFormsAssembly
.GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialogNative+FOS")
.GetField("FOS_PICKFOLDERS")
.GetValue(null);
private readonly static ConstructorInfo s_vistaDialogEventsConstructorInfo = s_windowsFormsAssembly
.GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialog+VistaDialogEvents")
.GetConstructor(c_flags, null, new[] { typeof(FileDialog) }, null);
private readonly static MethodInfo s_adviseMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Advise");
private readonly static MethodInfo s_unAdviseMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Unadvise");
private readonly static MethodInfo s_showMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Show");

public static ShowDialogResult Show(IntPtr ownerHandle, string initialDirectory, string title) {
var openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog {
AddExtension = false,
CheckFileExists = false,
DereferenceLinks = true,
Filter = c_foldersFilter,
InitialDirectory = initialDirectory,
Multiselect = false,
Title = title
};

var iFileDialog = s_createVistaDialogMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new object[] { });
s_onBeforeVistaDialogMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new[] { iFileDialog });
s_setOptionsMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new object[] { (uint) s_getOptionsMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new object[] { }) | s_fosPickFoldersBitFlag });
var adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken = new[] { s_vistaDialogEventsConstructorInfo.Invoke(new object[] { openFileDialog }), 0U };
s_adviseMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken);

try {
int retVal = (int) s_showMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new object[] { ownerHandle });
return new ShowDialogResult {
Result = retVal == 0,
FileName = openFileDialog.FileName
};
}
finally {
s_unAdviseMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new[] { adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken[1] });
}
}
}

// Wrap an IWin32Window around an IntPtr
private class WindowWrapper : IWin32Window {
private readonly IntPtr _handle;
public WindowWrapper(IntPtr handle) { _handle = handle; }
public IntPtr Handle { get { return _handle; } }
}
}
}

我将其开发为lyquidity.com的Bill Seddon(我没有隶属关系)的.NET Win 7样式文件夹选择对话框的清理版本。我写自己的书是因为他的解决方案需要一个额外的Reflection类，而该类不需要为此专门的目的而使用，它使用基于异常的流控制，并且不缓存其反射调用的结果。请注意，嵌套的静态VistaDialog类是这样的，因此如果从未调用Show方法，则不会尝试填充其静态反射变量。

它在Windows窗体中的用法如下：

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var dialog = new FolderSelectDialog {
InitialDirectory = musicFolderTextBox.Text,
Title ="Select a folder to import music from"
};
if (dialog.Show(Handle)) {
musicFolderTextBox.Text = dialog.FileName;
}

您当然可以使用它的选项以及它公开的属性。例如，它允许在Vista风格的对话框中进行多项选择。

此外，请注意，Simon Mourier给出了一个答案，该答案显示了如何直接针对Windows API使用互操作来完成完全相同的工作，但是如果使用的是旧版本的Windows，则必须对他的版本进行补充才能使用较旧的样式对话框视窗。不幸的是，当我制定解决方案时，我还没有找到他的职位。命名您的毒药！

您可以只使用System.Windows.Forms名称空间中的FolderBrowserDialog类。

请不要尝试使用TreeView / DirectoryInfo类自行滚动。一方面，使用SHBrowseForFolder可以免费获得许多不错的功能(图标/右键单击/网络)。对于另外一些情况，您可能不会意识到。

甚至更好的是，您可以将此代码放在类文件中

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using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;

internal class OpenFolderDialog : IDisposable {

/// <summary>
/// Gets/sets folder in which dialog will be open.
/// </summary>
public string InitialFolder { get; set; }

/// <summary>
/// Gets/sets directory in which dialog will be open if there is no recent directory available.
/// </summary>
public string DefaultFolder { get; set; }

/// <summary>
/// Gets selected folder.
/// </summary>
public string Folder { get; private set; }

internal DialogResult ShowDialog(IWin32Window owner) {
if (Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6) {
return ShowVistaDialog(owner);
} else {
return ShowLegacyDialog(owner);
}
}

private DialogResult ShowVistaDialog(IWin32Window owner) {
var frm = (NativeMethods.IFileDialog)(new NativeMethods.FileOpenDialogRCW());
uint options;
frm.GetOptions(out options);
options |= NativeMethods.FOS_PICKFOLDERS | NativeMethods.FOS_FORCEFILESYSTEM | NativeMethods.FOS_NOVALIDATE | NativeMethods.FOS_NOTESTFILECREATE | NativeMethods.FOS_DONTADDTORECENT;
frm.SetOptions(options);
if (this.InitialFolder != null) {
NativeMethods.IShellItem directoryShellItem;
var riid = new Guid("43826D1E-E718-42EE-BC55-A1E261C37BFE"); //IShellItem
if (NativeMethods.SHCreateItemFromParsingName(this.InitialFolder, IntPtr.Zero, ref riid, out directoryShellItem) == NativeMethods.S_OK) {
frm.SetFolder(directoryShellItem);
}
}
if (this.DefaultFolder != null) {
NativeMethods.IShellItem directoryShellItem;
var riid = new Guid("43826D1E-E718-42EE-BC55-A1E261C37BFE"); //IShellItem
if (NativeMethods.SHCreateItemFromParsingName(this.DefaultFolder, IntPtr.Zero, ref riid, out directoryShellItem) == NativeMethods.S_OK) {
frm.SetDefaultFolder(directoryShellItem);
}
}

if (frm.Show(owner.Handle) == NativeMethods.S_OK) {
NativeMethods.IShellItem shellItem;
if (frm.GetResult(out shellItem) == NativeMethods.S_OK) {
IntPtr pszString;
if (shellItem.GetDisplayName(NativeMethods.SIGDN_FILESYSPATH, out pszString) == NativeMethods.S_OK) {
if (pszString != IntPtr.Zero) {
try {
this.Folder = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(pszString);
return DialogResult.OK;
} finally {
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pszString);
}
}
}
}
}
return DialogResult.Cancel;
}

private DialogResult ShowLegacyDialog(IWin32Window owner) {
using (var frm = new SaveFileDialog()) {
frm.CheckFileExists = false;
frm.CheckPathExists = true;
frm.CreatePrompt = false;
frm.Filter ="|" + Guid.Empty.ToString();
frm.FileName ="any";
if (this.InitialFolder != null) { frm.InitialDirectory = this.InitialFolder; }
frm.OverwritePrompt = false;
frm.Title ="Select Folder";
frm.ValidateNames = false;
if (frm.ShowDialog(owner) == DialogResult.OK) {
this.Folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(frm.FileName);
return DialogResult.OK;
} else {
return DialogResult.Cancel;
}
}
}

public void Dispose() { } //just to have possibility of Using statement.

}

internal static class NativeMethods {

#region Constants

public const uint FOS_PICKFOLDERS = 0x00000020;
public const uint FOS_FORCEFILESYSTEM = 0x00000040;
public const uint FOS_NOVALIDATE = 0x00000100;
public const uint FOS_NOTESTFILECREATE = 0x00010000;
public const uint FOS_DONTADDTORECENT = 0x02000000;

public const uint S_OK = 0x0000;

public const uint SIGDN_FILESYSPATH = 0x80058000;

#endregion

#region COM

[ComImport, ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None), TypeLibType(TypeLibTypeFlags.FCanCreate), Guid("DC1C5A9C-E88A-4DDE-A5A1-60F82A20AEF7")]
internal class FileOpenDialogRCW { }

[ComImport(), Guid("42F85136-DB7E-439C-85F1-E4075D135FC8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
internal interface IFileDialog {
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
[PreserveSig()]
uint Show([In, Optional] IntPtr hwndOwner); //IModalWindow

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFileTypes([In] uint cFileTypes, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IntPtr rgFilterSpec);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFileTypeIndex([In] uint iFileType);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetFileTypeIndex(out uint piFileType);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint Advise([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IntPtr pfde, out uint pdwCookie);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint Unadvise([In] uint dwCookie);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetOptions([In] uint fos);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetOptions(out uint fos);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
void SetDefaultFolder([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IShellItem psi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFolder([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IShellItem psi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetFolder([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellItem ppsi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetCurrentSelection([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellItem ppsi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFileName([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszName);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetFileName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pszName);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetTitle([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszTitle);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetOkButtonLabel([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszText);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFileNameLabel([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszLabel);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetResult([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellItem ppsi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint AddPlace([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IShellItem psi, uint fdap);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetDefaultExtension([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDefaultExtension);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint Close([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Error)] uint hr);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetClientGuid([In] ref Guid guid);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint ClearClientData();

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint SetFilter([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IntPtr pFilter);
}

[ComImport, Guid("43826D1E-E718-42EE-BC55-A1E261C37BFE"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
internal interface IShellItem {
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint BindToHandler([In] IntPtr pbc, [In] ref Guid rbhid, [In] ref Guid riid, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IntPtr ppvOut);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetParent([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellItem ppsi);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetDisplayName([In] uint sigdnName, out IntPtr ppszName);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint GetAttributes([In] uint sfgaoMask, out uint psfgaoAttribs);

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
uint Compare([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IShellItem psi, [In] uint hint, out int piOrder);
}

#endregion

[DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
internal static extern int SHCreateItemFromParsingName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPath, IntPtr pbc, ref Guid riid, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellItem ppv);

}

并像这样使用它

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